Law in the Internet Society

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Technology and the Literary Society

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 -Nicholas Carr, “Is Google Making Us Stupid?” The Atlantic, July/August 2008.
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Technology has changed the way I read...

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The Problem

I stumbled across Carr's article while flipping nonchalantly through an old copy of The Atlantic a few weeks ago. The catchy name of the piece jumped out at me, but it was Carr's story about his diminished attention span that soon caught my attention. His anecdote might as well have described me. A voracious reader all throughout middle and high school, I have not read a full novel for leisure in a few years. The last book I attempted to read, Anna Karenina, I barely got past the midway point of the novel before giving up for good. It is not that I no longer have the time or the passion for reading - it remains an ardor of mine and I still read a decent amount during winter and summer breaks - but my reading habits have changed. Like Carr, I have a short attention span while reading and my mind frequently wanders, no matter how interesting the text. The days of my sitting down with a Bronte or Austen and reading for both content and style seem so long ago; nowadays I find myself perusing mostly short stories and magazine articles, things that I can begin and finish in a short amount of time. I resort to poetry to satiate my craving for style and eloquence.

Some Stats and Studies

A study conducted by the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA) offers some quantitative measurements for our changing reading habits. The most glaring finding is that Americans are simply reading less now than they did before: the percentage of 18-24 year olds who read at least one book that was not required by school or work fell from fifty-nine percent in 1992 to fifty-two percent in 2002. While there is no proof of a causal relationship, this seven-percent drop coincides with the rise of the internet.

Studies also suggest that even when people do read, they are probably not reading as closely as they once did. The NEA report claims that in 2004, fifty-eight percent of middle and high school students surveyed admitted to using some other form of media while reading. The Carr article also references an interesting and revealing study conducted by researchers at University College London. In tracking visitor activities to two sites that provide journal articles and e-books, the UCL researchers discovered that people frequently read only one or two pages of a book before switching to another one, and rarely do they ever return to the source they were reading. Hence in the researchers’ opinion, the internet seems to have given rise to a kind of reading where people “power browse” instead of sitting down and reading a book in the way that the activity is traditionally understood to mean. These studies seem to corroborate the unfortunate changes that I am observing in myself.

What to make of these changes?

Ultimately, I decided that – at least for myself – while my literary habits have certainly changed, the changes have not necessarily been for the worse. I have a much better eye for picking up information quickly, and am better at separating what is important in a piece of writing from what is there for ornamental purposes. Additionally, my changing reading habits seem to also have influenced the way I write; I am more focused on conveying content and less driven by style. I write quicker than I used to, as I no longer force myself to painstakingly think through each sentence to make it as nice-sounding as possible. Given the profession that I am about to enter into, these changes are not altogether bad ones.

What does this mean for society at large, though? While these changes in reading habits might suit the legal profession in certain ways, their impact on society as a whole is very intriguing to ponder. If people are not reading as deeply as before, and are not allowing themselves the time to absorb and admire beautiful prose, will we lose eloquence as a result? Or will eloquence be redefined? If people’s reduced attention spans are preventing them from enjoying full novels, then will novels continue to be the bedrock of literature? Or will novellas and essays shape our literary future? I do believe we will see a shift in our literary habits, but I feel that it will be a change that reflects people’s needs and preferences. Technology will not bring the end of literature, but will simply reshape literature into something that resonates with tomorrow’s society – and that might means novels with shorter chapters or a proliferation of short stories like never before. More dramatically, maybe magazines will be the new novel. In any case, I do not believe that technology is making us less literary, because being “literary” is a fluid concept whose definition changes as society changes, and what form it ultimately takes is a fascinating question that might not be answered until well after our lifetime.

 
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I stumbled across Carr's article while flipping nonchalantly through an old copy of The Atlantic a few weeks ago. The catchy name of the piece jumped out at me, but it was Carr's story about his diminished attention span that soon caught my attention. His anecdote might as well have described me. A voracious reader all throughout middle and high school, I have not read a full novel for leisure in a couple years . The last book I attempted to read, Anna Karenina, I barely got past the midway point of the novel before giving up for good. It is not that I no longer have the time or the passion for reading - it remains one of my greatest ardors and I still read a decent amount during winter and summer breaks - but my reading habits have changed. Like Carr, I have a short attention span while reading and my mind frequently wanders, no matter how interesting the text. The days of my sitting down with a Bronte or Austen and reading for both content and style seem so long ago; nowadays I find myself perusing mostly short stories and magazine articles, things that I can begin and finish in a short amount of time. I resort to poetry to satiate my craving for style and eloquence.

Law students stopped reading books during law school long before the Internet, as you can find easily enough by looking at the memoirs of paranoid law students, like One L. Anxiety, and the bad mental habits of law school, shorten attention spans, as does television. I read books on electronic devices more than I read them on paper nowadays, but I read just as deeply as I always did. If we're going to use mere personal introspection to determine whether fundamental cognitive changes are occurring in human beings, the score is tied. If we're not going to be absurd, of course, no evidence of any weight has been adduced so far for this astonishing proposition you're all but taking for granted.

...and also the way that I write...

My writing has also undergone a significant change over the years. Back in the days when pens and papers were still in vogue, every sentence that I wrote was painstakingly thought out to ensure that it was as well-said as it could be. That is no longer the case, as I have now become a more carefree, and maybe lazier, writer. Knowing that I can add, delete, or change anything simply with a few keyboard strokes, my writing has gotten more experimental and less planned. Instead of thinking and then writing, many times I find myself writing first and then looking back to see how good it sounds. My writing is also less florid and much tighter than before, perhaps a reflection of the fact that the writing process these days involves far less thinking that it once did.

So the less thinking one does the clearer and less florid one's writing? Surely you can see at a glance that's bushwah. Your writing is tighter because you can edit it when you do it electronically, while longhand writing can only be edited at the cost of recopying. But you aren't a good self-editor yet, either way, as the rather slipshod writing of this essay shows.

My attention span when writing - although better than when I am reading - is also not what it used to be. Sometimes I find myself repeating statements or reusing words because I had forgotten that I said those things already.

...but should I be worried?

Without a question, the <span style="background-color: #cc6688; color: yellow; padding-left: 3px; padding-right: 3px">glitters of technology and the internet have led to a shortening of my attention span, causing changes in my reading and writing habits. I am frustrated with my inability to finish the novels that I begin, and find it disturbing that my writing has turned more technical and, in my opinion, less eloquent. Am I becoming less literary because of technology?

That is the question I struggled with after reading Carr's article. On one hand, I am reading just as much , if not more, than I ever did. I read the newspaper everyday (thanks to nytimes.com), I read several extremely well-written blogs on a daily basis, and I read free online versions of magazines that I would never have subscribed to otherwise. In terms of writing: I have a blog that I use to keep my writing sharp, and I was never one who would have kept diaries. I email frequently, the kinds of correspondences for which I cannot imagine writing snail mails. It is technology that has afforded me the opportunity to engage in these activities. On the other hand, there is the shorter attention span...

Changes? Yes, but not necessarily bad changes.

Ultimately, I decided that - at least for myself - while my habits have certainly changed, the changes have not necessarily been for the worse. I have a much better eye for picking up information quickly, and being less deliberate with my writing means that I can now write faster and am more focused on conveying information than delivering eloquence. Given the profession that I am about to enter into, these changes may even prove practical.

What if these changes are impacting a wider segment of society? I often wonder about that and think about the ramifications for our literary future. Will we lose eloquence? Or will eloquence be redefined? Will novels continue to be the bedrock of literature? Or will novellas and essays shape our literary future? I do believe we will see a shift in our literary habits, but I feel that it will be a change that reflects people's needs and preferences. Technology will not bring the end of literature, but will simply reshape literature into something that resonates with tomorrow's society - and that might means novels with shorter chapters or a proliferation of short stories like never before. Perhaps more dramatically, magazines will be the new novel. In any case, I do not believe that technology is making us less literary, because being "literary" is a fluid concept whose definition changes as society changes, and what form it ultimately takes is a fascinating question that might not be answered until well after our lifetime.

I'm glad to hear that technology will not bring about the end of literature, and I wish you well with whatever's crufting your brain, which is probably law school but at any rate isn't the Internet or the availability of electricity and running water in your apartment. If you want me to believe the Net is making people do less reading, show me some actual data.
 



Revision 4r4 - 02 Jun 2010 - 02:03:07 - YuShi
Revision 3r3 - 25 Jan 2010 - 02:24:50 - EbenMoglen
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