ERE'S the proposition: The record industry wants you to buy your music on a new kind of disc. Unlike a CD, the format will greatly restrict your ability to make digital copies. It will cost more than a prerecorded CD. And it will require you to invest a few hundred dollars in a new player.
If the appeal isn't immediately apparent, you have some idea of the salesmanship task ahead.
The newly released portable music format, called DataPlay digital media, is the latest technology joining a cornucopia of choices for consumers to play their favorite tunes through headphones connected to palm-size devices. The discs, contained in a clear plastic shell, are about the size of the ring in the center of a CD, or about one-fourth the size of a minidisc. They will be available in blank, recordable form as well as prerecorded, copy-protected albums.
Because of that last feature, DataPlay is being embraced by major record labels. So far BMG, Universal Music and EMI Group have signed on, say officials for DataPlay, which developed the technology.
The first DataPlay music player-recorders went on sale recently, and waves of prerecorded DataPlay discs will soon wash into record stores, starting with re-releases of top-selling albums by the likes of Britney Spears, 'N Sync, Pink, Usher, OutKast, Sarah McLachlan and Brooks & Dunn, BMG record executives say. Some musicians, including Carlos Santana, are scheduled to have new albums released simultaneously on CD and DataPlay.
Ads for DataPlay blank discs started showing up this month with a tag line reading, "This thing is huge." But for the millions of music enthusiasts who have mounted the MP3 revolution, downloading music or copying it from CD's onto hard drives and then to portable players, what's the motivation to switch?
The selling points borrow a page from the DVD playbook, the success story of the video marketplace. The prerecorded versions will also incorporate features like digital photo galleries and music videos that can be viewed when the player is connected to a PC, and even interviews, extended liner notes and music-related games. Future players may well include color L.C.D. screens to play music videos.
In addition, the DataPlay disc is far more compact than a compact disc while offering comparable sound quality. And the players can record music or data — yes, even MP3 files — from a hard drive onto blank discs that are easy to carry or swap.
"We're excited," said Aahmek Richards, who is in charge of new media for Arista Records, which is part of BMG. "Technology should allow the business to change and grow in so many ways it never had an opportunity to do."
Indeed. But DataPlay technology raises as many questions as it does expectations among its makers and early supporters. Chief among them, consumer electronics analysts say, is whether the arrival of DataPlay comes too late and offers too little to attract music consumers, especially those of college age.
Todd Oseth, vice president for marketing and business development at DataPlay, said that while the format promised greater content security than CD's, it also offered more flexibility and convenience to reflect listeners' emerging habits, accommodating prerecorded, downloaded or copied music. Ultimately, he suggested, record company support and the marketplace will decide its success. "Money is what ends up driving everything," he said.
DataPlay, a privately held company in Boulder, Colo., was founded in 1998 by Steve Volk, its chairman, president and chief executive. Initially, his interest in developing smaller optical discs and micro drivers was to use them as storage media in digital cameras. But in time, a DataPlay spokeswoman said, Mr. Volk realized that the tiny, digitally secure discs and drivers were a natural fit for the music industry, which was searching for new ways to protect and distribute recorded music.
Oddly, the record industry has become a victim of its own dizzying success with the CD, which was introduced in Europe and Japan in 1982 and in America the following year. In less than a decade, CD's rendered vinyl records practically obsolete, and now threaten the same fate for cassette tapes. Recent estimates indicate that there are more than 1.5 billion CD players. Almost every computer made today can play CD's, and stand-alone CD players have become so inexpensive that some are displayed near supermarket checkouts as shrink-wrapped impulse buys.
But when Klass Compaan, a physicist for Philips Research, conceived the CD in 1969, few people, if anyone, could have imagined the personal computing revolution that would three decades later let consumers raid the content of CD's to make perfect digital copies, compress them and then store them on their own CD's, hard drives, file-sharing Internet sites and a variety of removable media.
"Even though CD's have been good to it, the music industry would like CD's to go away," said Josh Bernoff, a principal analyst for Forrester Research, a technology consulting firm in Cambridge, Mass. "They're too easy to rip."
He and other analysts note that attempts to retrofit CD's to discourage copying and pirating have proved problematic. For example, Arista has copy-protected some of its music CD's only to discover that they will not play in many car- and computer-based CD players.
So enters DataPlay, its content encrypted like Pentagon secrets, casting the long shadows of some of the world's biggest record companies.
"We are very committed to it," Kevin Clement, senior director of new media operations for BMG, said of DataPlay. "Awareness and education are two of the biggest challenges we have going forward."
"Our goal is to continue to release top titles," Mr. Clement said, noting that he has been impressed with DataPlay's "versatility and incredibly small size." BMG will not only be able to add photos and music videos to the discs, he said, but also encrypt extra songs, even entire previously released albums, to which consumers could get access after they paid online for a special content key.
"I don't think the CD is going away anytime soon," he said. "There's too much hardware in the marketplace, but clearly we love to see people enjoy the extra content we can put on a DataPlay disc."
Mr. Richards, who is also director of online marketing for Arista, said DataPlay is part of a larger strategy to recapture consumers who are comfortable getting their music and music information online.
Under his direction, Arista is starting a number of subscription-based fan Web sites at $25 a year. The first features Boyz II Men and offers exclusive material, which could include live concert footage, interviews and pictures, all ideally suited for downloading and playback on DataPlay.
"The real fans will appreciate a site that is dedicated just to them, and they don't mind paying for it," Mr. Richards said, adding that DataPlay can open new vistas for the recording industry. "All of this kind of plays in together. It's going to work. I believe in it."
But overall costs of DataPlay players and media may present an early stumbling block to widespread acceptance, some consumer electronics retailers warn. Prerecorded DataPlay discs will basically be priced more like a DVD than a CD, from $18 to $22, Mr. Richards said. (Some new releases, however, will be priced comparably to CD's: the new Carlos Santana album, "Shaman," will list for $18 on CD and $19 on DataPlay, he said.)
For consumers who want to make their own, the price of the raw material for CD burning — CD-R discs — has dropped to only pennies a disc when the discs are bought in bulk. DataPlay discs, which have 500 megabytes of storage capacity, or 150 megabytes less than 74-minute CD-R discs, cost $5 apiece if bought in packages of 10. And the first DataPlay music player and burner, the iDP-100 by iRiver America, is relatively expensive at $350; MP3 players with 20 gigabytes of memory, or 40 times the capacity of a DataPlay disc, are available for as little as $300.
Steve Koenig, senior analyst for NPDTechworld, a market tracking group in Port Washington, N.Y., said DataPlay could face the same sort of limited adoption that Sony's MiniDisc faced for years in North America. "I think this will probably remain a niche product for the time being until it gets some kind of large catalog of music selection in place," he said.
And Mr. Bernoff of Forrester Research said the era of discs of any kind, whether they are five-inch or one-inch, may be coming to a close.
"Maybe the time for physical media is past," he said. "The problem is not with the CD, but with anything that is physical."
The long-term future of music distribution, Mr. Bernoff said, is in packets of notes, rhythms and lyrics winding through the air to be captured and played on wireless devices. "The format of the future," he said, "is no media at all."
